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初中一年级英语上册知识点总结

2020-05-05 09:05:02初一106

  【导语】要想取得好的学习成绩,必须要有良好的学习习惯。习惯是经过重复练习而巩固下来的稳重持久的条件反射和自然需要。建立良好的学习习惯,就会使自己学习感到有序而轻松。以下是免费为您整理的《初中一年级英语上册知识点总结》,供大家查阅。

  初中一年级英语上册知识点总结篇一


  Unit 1
  
  词汇重点:
  
  1. Good morning/ afternoon / evening 早上/下午/晚上好 Good night 晚安晚上告别
  
  2. glad / nice to meet / see you 见到你很高兴 回答也一样
  
  3. welcome to + 地点 欢迎来到…… 回答:Thank you 或者Thanks
  
  4.let’s + V原 让我们做……
  
  5. stand up 起立 sit down 坐下
  
  6. this is----- 这是…… 用于介绍第三者的用语
  
  7. How do you do ?你好 回答也是:How do you do ?
  
  8. How are you ? 你好吗? Fine ,thank you .and you ? 很好;谢谢;你呢?
  
  I’m OK / I’m fine , too . 我也很好。
  
  9.see you = see you later = see you soon = good-bye 再见
  
  10.excuse me 打扰一下;请问
  
  11.I’m -----= my name is ---- 我是……
  
  12. be from = come from 来自
  
  13.in English 用英语
  
  14.Can you spell it ? Yes / No 你能拼写它吗? 能/不能
  
  15.That’s OK / That’s all right / You’re welcome / Not at all 不用谢
  
  16. …… years old ……岁
  
  17.telephone number 电话号码 QQ number QQ号码 ID number 身份证
  
  18.the same 相同的 反义词是 different 不同的
  
  例: We are in the same grade, but we are in different classes.
  
  重点句子句型:
  
  1. What is your name ? 你的名字是什么?
  
  2. Where +be + 主语 + from? 某人来自于哪里?回答:主语+be+地点
  
  Where are you from? I am from quanzhou.
  
  3. How old + be + 主语? 某人几岁? 回答: 主语 + be + 数字
  
  例: How old are you ? I’m forteen.
  
  4. What is your telephone number? 你的电话号码是多少?
  
  回答:My telephone number is----或者It’s -------注意:读出号码的时候要逐个读出。
  
  5. What class / grade +be + 主语 + in ? 某人在哪一个班级/年级?
  
  例:what class are you in ? I am in Class Five. 注意:Class 和 Five需要大写
  
  what grade are you in ? I am in Grade Seven.注意:Glass 和 Seven需要大写
  
  6. What’s this/ that in English ? 这是什么? 回答:It’s a/an + 单数名词. 这是……
  
  What’ re these/ those in English ? 这些是什么?回答:They’re + 复数名词 这些是……
  
  7. How do you spell it ? 你怎么拼写它? E-R-A-S-E-R, eraser. 注意拼读方法
  
  Unit 2
  
  1.sb + has/ have an /a + adj + 五官 === sb’s 五官 is / are + adj 描述长相
  
  例:Lily has a small nose. = Lily’s nose is small.
  
  2.I know = I see 我明白了
  
  3.That’s right 那是对的
  
  4.look the same look like 看起来相像 look different 看起来不同
  
  例: Jim and Lilei look the same.== Jim looks like Lilei. .
  
  5. look at + n 看某物 look for +n 寻找某人/某物 look after +n 照顾某人
  
  6.both 两者都…… all 三者或者三者以上都……
  
  Both 和 all位于 be动词或情态动词后,位于行为动词前。
  
  例: We are both students. We both have black eyes. We can both speak English.
  
  7. give sth to sb = give sb sth 把某物给某人; 注意:如果sth是it或them,只能用前者
  
  8. have different looks == look different 有着不同的长相 看起来不相像
  
  have the same look. ==look the same 有着相同的长相 看起来很相像
  
  9.over there 在那边 come in 请进 go out 出去
  
  10. in + 颜色 或 in a/an/the +颜色 + 衣服 表示穿着……颜色的衣服
  
  常常接在名词的后面,表示穿----颜色衣服的…… 如 the girl in red is my sister.
  
  11. too + adj 太……
  
  12.pants 和 shoes 做主语,谓语动词用复数;但a pair of pants/ shoes作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式
  
  例: His shoes are black. A pair of shoes is under the bed.
  
  13. in the morning/ afternoom/ evening 在早上/下午/晚上 at night 在晚上
  
  14.go shopping = go to the shop 去购物 类似的有 go swimming go fishing go skating 等等
  
  15.help sb. to do sth == help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事 注意:sb 用代词时必须用宾格
  
  16.high school 中学
  
  17.play +球类 play the 乐器
  
  18.think of 认为,想 think about 考虑 I think + 从句 我认为……
  
  I think he you are right. 否定式常否定主句,但翻译时要否定后面的从句
  
  例:I don’t think he can come. 我认为他不会来了.不能说:我不认为他会来
  
  句型:
  
  1. What do/does + 主语 + look like ? 询问人的长相
  
  例: What does your English teacher look like ?
  
  2.What’s -----and ------? ……加……是什么?回答:It’s ------
  
  例:What’s red and yellow? It’s orange. What’s two and five? It’s seven.
  
  3.Whose + 东西 + is this/ that ? Whose + 东西 +are these/ those ? 这/这些 是谁的……?
  
  例:Whose coat is this ? It is mine. Whose shoes are these ? They are hers.
  
  4.Who is the letter from? 这封信来自于谁? It’s from Lily. 它来自于莉莉。
  
  5.What color be + 东西? 回答:It’s +颜色 或者 They’er + 颜色
  
  例:What color is your dress? It’s black.

  初中一年级英语上册知识点总结篇二


  I.重点句型
  
  Good morning/afternoon/evening.
  
  Good morning/afternoon/evening.
  
  How are you? I’m fine,/OK,thanks. Fine,thanks.
  
  What’s this in English? It’s a map. It’s V.
  
  Spell it please. K-E-Y.
  
  What color is it/the key? It’s blue. The key is yellow.
  
  Hello, Frank. Hello/Hi, Eric.
  
  Unit 1 My name is Gina.
  
  I.重点句型
  
  What’s your name? My name is Jenny. /I’m Jenny. /Jenny.
  
  Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you , too.
  
  What’s his name? His name is Jenny. Jenny.
  
  What’s her name? Her name is Linda.. Linda.
  
  What’s your first name? My first name is Jack. Jack.
  
  What’s your last/family name?
  
  My last/family name is Green. It’s Green.
  
  What’s your/his/her phone number?
  
  My /His/Her phone number is 234-4567. /It’s 281-9176.
  
  II.词组
  
  1 name’s=name is 名字是
  
  2 I’m=I am 我是
  
  3 she’s=she is 她是
  
  he’s=he is 他是
  
  you’re =you are 你是复数形式
  
  they’re=they are 他她;它们是
  
  that’s=that is 那是
  
  isn’t=is not 不是单数形式
  
  he’s not =he is not=he isn’t 他不是
  
  what’s=what is 什么是
  
  where’s=where is 在哪儿是
  
  Let’s=Let us 让我们
  
  4 Nice to meet/see you 见到你很高兴
  
  5 last name=family name=surname 姓氏
  
  6 first name = given name 名字
  
  7 telephone number 电话号码
  
  =phone number 电话号码
  
  8 ID card 身份证
  
  9 Good morning to sb 早上好
  
  10 Good afternoon 下午好
  
  11 Good night /evening . 晚上好
  
  12 Sit down, please. =Have a seat, please. 请坐
  
  13 That’s all right. 好;行;不用谢;没关系
  
  That’s right . 对的、正确的
  
  All right . 好的,行,好吧
  
  14 Not at all.=It’s a/my pleasure.=That’s OK.
  
  =You’re welcome.=That’s all right. 不用谢
  
  Unit 2 Is this your pencil?
  
  I.重点句型
  
  Is that/this/it your backpack? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t . It’s his backpack.
  
  This/That is my eraser.
  
  How do you spell it/pen? P-E-N.
  
  Call Allan at 486-67895 Call 685-6098 Call Mary. Phone # 235-7865.
  
  Is that your computer game in the lost and found case? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
  
  II.词组
  
  1 pencil case 铅笔盒
  
  2 pencil sharpener 卷笔刀
  
  3 pen pal =pen friend 笔友
  
  4 Thank you. =Thanks . 谢谢你
  
  5 in English 用英语
  
  6 computer games 电子游戏
  
  7 Lost and Found 失物招领
  
  8 a set of 一副;一套
  
  a set of keys 一串钥匙
  
  9 who’s=who is 谁是
  
  11 it’s=it is 它是
  
  12 look at 朝…看
  
  13 ball-point pen 圆珠笔
  
  14 call sb at+电话号码 打电话给某人
  
  15 gold ring 金戒指
  
  16 school ID card 校卡
  
  17 See you later.=See you soon . 再见

  初中一年级英语上册知识点总结篇三


  一、初一英语语法——词法
  
  1、名词
  
  A、名词的数
  
  我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下:
  
  一在后面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
  
  二x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
  
  三1以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
  
  2以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
  
  四以o结尾加s外来词。如:radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯
  
  五以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加ess。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
  
  六单复数相同不变的有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
  
  七一般只有复数,没有单数的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
  
  八单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同学, family家,家庭成员
  
  九合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词。如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
  
  十有的单复数意思不同。如:fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸,卷子,论文, work工作 works作品,工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡
  
  十一 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如:Is I’s, Ks K’s。但如是缩略词则只加s。如:IDs, VCDs, SARs
  
  十二 特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
  
  B名词的格
  
  当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时,我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下:
  
  一单数在后面加’s。如:brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s
  
  二复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’,如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如:Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’; Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节
  
  三由and并列的名词所有时,如果是共同所有同一人或物时,只加最后一个’s,但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如:Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间共住一间,Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间各自的房间
  
  2、代词
  
  项目 人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 反身代词
  
  人称 主格 宾格 形容词 名词性
  
  第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
  
  复数 we us our ours ourselves
  
  第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
  
  复数 you you your yours yourselves
  
  第三人称 单数 she her her hers herself
  
  he him his his himself
  
  it it its its this that itself
  
  复数 they them their theirs these those themselves
  
  3、动词
  
  A 第三人称单数
  
  当动词是第三人称单数时,动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s,如下:
  
  一一般在词后加s。如:comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains
  
  二在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:watches, washes, wishes, finishes
  
  三1以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如:study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries
  
  2以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys
  
  四以o结尾加es。如:does, goes
  
  五特殊的有:are-is, have-has
  
  B 现在分词
  
  当我们说某人正在做什么事时,动词要使用分词形式,不能用原形,构成如下:
  
  一一般在后加ing。如:spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
  
  二以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如:dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
  
  三以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母注意除开字母组合如show –showing, draw-drawing要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning
  
  四以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如:tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于
  
  4、形容词的级
  
  我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时,则要使用比较或级形式。构成如下:
  
  一 一般在词后加er或est如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st。如:greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest
  
  二以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母字母组合除外,如few-fewer fewest结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /est。如:big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest
  
  三 以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如:happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliestmore friendly most friendly, busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest
  
  四特殊情况:两好多坏,一少老远
  
  good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill – worse worst
  
  little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest
  
  5、数词 基变序,有规则;一、二、三,自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y结尾,变为i, eth跟上去。 first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth

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